Exfoliation clears the dead cells that dull your complexion and clog pores, but the two main approaches work very differently. Picking the wrong one for your skin is how people end up red, raw, or breaking out more than before.
Physical scrubs
These use grit, beads, or a cloth to buff the surface manually. They give an instant smooth feeling, which people like, but coarse scrubs can cause tiny tears and uneven results. If you enjoy a scrub, choose one with fine, rounded particles and a light hand.
Chemical exfoliants
These dissolve the bonds holding dead cells together, so nothing needs to be scrubbed. There are two main families.
- AHAs like glycolic and lactic acid work on the surface and suit dullness and dryness.
- BHAs like salicylic acid get into the pore lining, which makes them a good match for oily or breakout-prone skin.
How often is enough
Most skin does well with exfoliation one to three times a week. Daily acids are rarely necessary and often the cause of a damaged barrier. Watch for shine that turns into tightness or stinging, which means you have crossed the line.
If you cannot decide, a gentle BHA twice a week handles most concerns with the least drama. Add more only when your skin proves it can take it.